Poverty Is The Worst Form Of Violence - 1595 Words

â€Å"Poverty is the worst form of violence† (Mahatma Gandhi). Living in poverty causes people to have extremely bad nutrition, to get severe diseases, and it forces children to work. This is a worldwide problem that affects children, mothers, fathers, and everyone else that has come close or lived in poverty. By registering more people living in poverty to vote in elections and spreading awareness it will drastically change many lives. When families live in poverty and parents do not have enough money to support their family children have to work and child labor occurs. Many parents cannot afford to support their family because of a disease they have, disability, or their job might simply not pay enough. For example, eight year old Rubi left†¦show more content†¦Lilita is an eight year old girl that works twelve hours a day just to pick up three trays and make fifty cents (Indian Children). Having to work to earn money to support a family as a child is a main cause of poverty, working instead of going to school leaves to uneducated children that eventually grow up to also live in poverty. This is why companies all over the world are trying to get more children to stay in school, although this cannot happen if their parents do not have jobs that will provide for their family and children have to work. Gaza is yet another country that is affected by child labor that is influenced by poverty. These children attempt to make money off of the previous wars that occurred. The three wars that happened over the last eight years are actually helping families get by, the children collect the rummage from those times and sell them to companies that recycle it. Just like in other countries, many of the children s parents are not able to work. For example, Mustafa is seventeen years old and ever since the age of ten he has been working. He sells scraps of plastic and metal trying to make a living (Wars and Poverty). It is unfortunate that children will not have as many opportunities later on in life because of the lack of education from their early childhood due to child labor. NoShow MoreRelatedPoverty is the Worst Form of Violence Essay752 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"One must be poor to know the luxury of living† (Bartas). Poverty is a term used to identify shortage in revenue. A more convenient term to the universal stipulation nowadays, however, is absolute poverty. This term recognizes extreme deficiency in fundamental living supplies; food, shelter and water. According to UNICEF, 22,000 children die of famine each day. Furthermore, recent researches have proved out that over 3 billion humans on earth live on less than $2.50 a day. Since half of the worldRead MoreThe Primary Contributing Factors to Crime and Violence in Jamaica1663 Words   |  7 PagesPrimary Contributing Factors To Crime And Violence In Jamaica Jamaica is a small third world country in the Caribbean with a population of approximately 2, 709, 300 people. The country faces many problems yearly but the worst is the ever increasing crime rate. In October 2011 Jamaica was ranked 3rd in a report of countries with the highest crime rates by the Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development . The country has taken a turn for the worst over the past few years. Our local televisionRead MoreThe Fear Of Crime And Gun Control1328 Words   |  6 Pagescues in the environment that relate to some aspect of crime for the person. A very common fear related to crime is the fear of gun violence and the gun controls that come along with it. The different gun laws that are provided bring a great fear to people in different ways because of the inconsistency that it comes with. Gun related fear can come in two different forms. One fear being scared of not owning a gun for protection or a fear of more people owning guns in general. Introduction It is knownRead MoreEssay about Immigration in the US1493 Words   |  6 Pagesdomestic violence amongst women (Chittenden 5), the testing of a bride’s selflessness (Bell 1), and internet scams (Internet Relationships 1). Immigration in the United States has increased over the years. Nevertheless, the process may take weeks, even months at a time. Mail order brides are no exception either. They undergo a similar process in order to immigrate as well. Being a vulnerable immigrant to the United States, mail order brides are very prone to domestic violence and Read MoreJesus And Gandhi On Poverty Essay1656 Words   |  7 PagesJesus and Mahatma Gandhi on Poverty Introduction: Poverty a worldwide problem that affects everybody who deals with the situation. People living in poverty are at the lowest of the lowest in the social, economic and political class. Another word for poverty is the slums. In today’s world there is an estimate of three-billion people that live in poverty. The average poverty person live off of just $2.50 a day. One third of the people that live in poverty are children. Over twenty-two thousand childrenRead MorePoverty : A Problem That Affects Everyone Who Deals With The Situation Essay1650 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Poverty a worldwide problem that affects everybody who deals with the situation. People living in poverty are at the lowest of the lowest in the social, economic and political class. Another word for poverty is the slums. In today’s world there is an estimate of three-billion people that live in poverty. The average poverty person live off of just $2.50 a day. One third of the people that live in poverty are children. Over twenty-two thousand children die due to poverty. People loseRead MoreWorking Hard Drinking Hard Is An Ethnography Written By Adrienne Pine1585 Words   |  7 Pagesto capture the way of life for certain Hondurans who were able to tell her their stories. Poverty has been a key association of many issues for the Honduran people and has had a tremendous impact on: work and employment, alcohol abuse, and violence within the community. Poverty is a major issue that many Hondurans are faced with each and everyday. In 2002, 77.3% of Hondurans were living within Poverty (Pine 2008, p.4) making it an issue that affects the majority of the population within thisRead MoreEpidemic of Violence in the USA Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pages Violence, one of the biggest problem in the world right now, especially in America, where the gun control law are barely enforced, every citizen is at constant risk, considering the amount of people in this country that own guns. Crime and violence are rapidly becoming the prime epidemic in the U.S today, but what can we do to ensure our future generation’s safety? Gun violence is a big problem everywhere, in poor rural neighborhoods to prosperous urban cities like Malibu, it canRead MoreGreat Depression Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesand hardship recalled by Canadians is the Great Depression. The Great Depression of the 1930s was a time of severe poverty, unemployment and unjust treatment experienced like never before by Canada. The Great Depression was unforeseen, yet inevitable. The Great Depression led many families to undertake drastic measures. This spark ignited a flame of downwards spiralling, leading the worst to be brought out in Canadians everywhere. Some say the 1930s was a time most difficult for single, unemployedRead MoreThe Island of Madagascar 1117 Words   |  4 Pagesthat permanent crops has the percentage of 1.03% and other crops that the land is made up of uses 93.9% of crops. (Henevald Craig, 1995 ) Madagascar is made up of many different resources as well. The first being graphite which is a gray crystalline form of carbon that occurs as a mineral in some rocks and can be made from coke. It is also used as a solid lubricant when it comes to pencils and as a moderator in nuclear reactors. Chromite, coal, bauxite, salt quartz, tar sands, semiprecious stones,

A Brief Note On The First Gasoline Powered Automobile Essay

Introduction The first gasoline powered automobile was built 1885 in Germany. The first car was engineered by Henry Ford in 1896. He took things a notch higher by establishing an assembly line which enabled him to mass produce the vehicles thus making them affordable to the consumers. The use of automobiles has since increased in the US and other parts of the world. By 1999, the US alone had over 200 million passenger cars and light trucks. The number of cars worldwide grew thrice faster than the human population. The increase in the number of automobiles has become a matter of great concern as it leads to serious air pollution. For instance, European Environment Agency reported that transportation emission presents a huge threat to the environment. 1. Global competition in the industry: During the first half of this century, automobile imports were negligible on American roads. For instance in 1950s, only 21,287 automobiles were imported and local manufacturers ignored their presence in the belief that the imports were small and low quality. However, foreign automobiles have since set the quality benchmark and in 1986 reached an all-time high of 4.1 million units. In 1980s the big three auto makers (Ford, General Motors, and Fiat/Chrysler) formed joint ventures with Japanese automakers in order to capitalize on consumer attitude towards foreign automobiles. In 2004, the automobile manufacturers formed the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers to work together onShow MoreRelated The Invention of the Modern Automobile Essays4283 Words   |  18 PagesThe Invention of the Modern Automobile â€Å"The way to make automobiles, is to make one automobile just like another automobile [1].† With this statement, Henry Ford had invented the modern automobile. Many people may question this idea, as they know self propelled vehicles were in existence long before the days of Ford. In fact, these people would undoubtedly be correct; the idea of a self propelled vehicle and its actual realization had been present for at least one hundredRead MoreIndia Ready For Hybrid Cars Essay1567 Words   |  7 Pagesrecent past, India has witnessed launch of several hybrid and electric cars from automobile manufacturers. Some of the most discussed electric cars are Reva and E2O from indigenous automobile maker Mahindra Mahindra (MM). They recently launched India s first four-door pure electric car, E-Verito too. A hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that uses two or more distinct power sources to move. Conventional vehicles use gasoline (commonly called petrol) or diesel to power an internal combustion engine. HybridRead MoreAuto Industry in Canada3469 Words   |  14 Pagesis one the wealthiest nations in the world, we need to pay particular attention to Canada’s economic history. The economic history of our country has been marked by many important events that have paved the way for a successful economic future. A brief economic history of Canada would pay particular attention to important events such as the economic boom of the 1920s, the dark times of the 1930s; the Second World War during the 1940s and to also not forget the important trade agreements such as theRead MoreEssay about Environmentalism5717 Words   |  23 Pageshelp us to better understand, revere, and coexist with the world upon which each of us is directly dependent. Transportation The invention of the automobile is on e of historys greatest environmental disasters. The automobile decentralized our society. People with cars moved out of the city and drove to work from their suburban homes. Before the automobile, agriculture was local. Food was grown by farmers living in what was soon to be the suburbs, and delivered fresh to markets in the cities. BecauseRead MoreEngineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine59558 Words   |  239 PagesCycle and Otto Cycle, 108 Two-Stroke Cycles, 109 Stirling Cycle, 111 Lenoir Cycle, 113 Summary, 115 Problems, 116 Design Problems, 120 AND FUELS 121 4 THERMOCHEMISTRY 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-7 Thermochemistry, 121 Hydrocarbon Fuels-Gasoline, 131 Some Common Hydrocarbon Components, 134 Self-Ignition and Octane Number, 139 Diesel Fuel, 148 Alternate Fuels, 150 Conclusions, 162 Problems, 162 Design Problems, 165 Contents vii 5 AIR AND FUEL INDUCTION 166 Intake Manifold, 166Read MoreInternational Business Case Study7015 Words   |  29 PagesAssociation of Business Executives QCF International Business Case Study Fiat Automobiles S.p.A Tuesday 4 June 2013, Afternoon This is an open-book examination, and you may consult any previously prepared written material or texts during the examination. Only answers that are written during the examination in the answer book supplied by the examination centre will be marked. 6IBCS0613  © ABE 2013 J/601/2793 Notes l As in real life, anomalies may be found in this Case Study. PleaseRead MoreChevy Volt Essay5814 Words   |  24 Pagesand trucks were sold globally under the following brands: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, GM Daewoo, Holden, HUMMER, Opel, Pontiac, Saab, Saturn and Vauxhall. GM is primarily engaged in the worldwide development, production, and marketing of automobiles, consisting of cars and trucks. GM develops, manufactures, and markets vehicles worldwide through four automotive regions: GM North America (GMNA), GM Europe (GME), GM Latin America/Africa/Mid-East (GMLAAM), and GM Asia Pacific (GMAP). The growthRead MoreTesla Business evaluation4327 Words   |  18 Pagesï » ¿ Introduction Brief history of the company Tesla Motors, Inc. is an American company that was founded in 2003. The driving idea behind the venture was proving electric vehicles could be a viable substitute of the gasoline powered cars without sacrificing comfort, performance or luxury. Apart from the core function of designing and producing electric cars, Tesla also provides advance electric vehicle powertrain components and know-how to other automakers, which are looking into venturingRead MoreJapan: Toyota and the Hybrid Car Industry Can Toyota Continue to Maintain and Advance Its Position in the Hybrid Car Industry?8749 Words   |  35 Pages............................... 25 3 1.0 Executive Summary The world is at a stage where it cannot ignore the environmental impact fossil fuels have on the environment. Seeing the importance of green technology, Toyota was one of the first to move into the market for hybrid cars. This report examines the actions taken, the strengths and problems Toyota faces to ensure its leadership position and how they stack up against global competition. The report looks into the macro and micro factorsRead MoreEssay on Wireless Electricity14464 Words   |  58 PagesEnvironmental Impact 30 VII. Bibliography 33 ABSTRACT: Wireless electricity is not a new idea, but it has recently become revitalized. This paper looks at the different facets of this invigorated technology. First, it talks about what wireless electricity is and the different approaches of producing it. The paper also talks about the history of wireless electricity and what social factors have motivated it to become invigorated. Next, the government involvement

Governance Rights of Shareholders at the AGM

Question: Discuss about theGovernancefor Rights of Shareholders at the AGM. Answer: Rights of Shareholders at the AGM. Shareholders have the sole right to attend the AGM if their name appears in the register of the shareholders. When it comes to resolution, the shareholder have the right to articulate the views and vote on any resolution that he deems fit. However, it should not withstand any provision provided in the memorandum or articles. However, if calls are in arrear then the member might be stopped as prescribed by the articles. The articles states that the preference shareholders are debarred from voting at the general meeting and rests upon certain scenario. A member can attend the meeting in general or by way of proxy. A proxy voting is given effect by an agent. The members at the AGM have the rights to select a proxy and vote in his capacity. The proxy has the same right like the shareholder. However, the proxy cannot vote by showing hands. The shareholders have a strong power as they can request to add a significant item to the agenda (Coffee, 2009). Such rights are highly appreciated as it help in showcasing the interest, the shareholder possess. A shareholder can question the board regarding the functioning of the company and any other matter that he deems fit. This involves raising questions regarding the profitability, declaration of dividend, etc. Shareholders influence the functioning of the company by raising their queries and giving suggestion to the board regarding important matters. As shareholders have invested money, they are the owners of the company and hence have a right to speak as their money is involved in running the company. The decision of the company is influenced if the shareholders raise correct matter and speak in that regard. If the matter is of greater interest then the entire shareholder community adheres to it (Kruger, 2013). The directors and management are sure to shed light on such activities once a voice is raised. If there is an deficiency then the matter is taken under control and answer is provided to the shareholder regarding the line of activity. Moreover, shareholders can ask from the annual report and that needs to be answered at the point of venue (Alter, 2013). This implies that shareholders have a power to ask question regarding various activities and hence, management is always on the saf e side ensuring that the activities are in proper control and that the annual report projects a correct figure. As shareholders questions and point the management regarding various activities, the management is always concerned about the activities (Hooks Staden, 2011). As transparency needs to be maintained so that shareholders are able to know the real happening. Therefore, the management injects greater efficiency so that the interest of the shareholder is not compromised. This leads to a better course of activity. Comparison and Contrast of Shareholder Rights at AGMs Companies Remuneration Reports bill was proposed by the United Kingdom Act of Parliament which required the companies to compulsorily report in the directors report the ratio of the highest paid director/ executive to the lowest paid 10% work force i.e. labourers of the company. The companies are required to place the report in the Annual general meeting of the company before the shareholders to approve the same. After the introduction of the same, these policies were also implemented in Australia and United States of America (Gillan, 2006). In todays world of globalisation and to prove to the shareholders that the executive management is not taking the maximum salary of the companys profits, the companies are compulsorily required to present a report wherein a ratio is made between highest paid director and 10% of the lowest paid employees of the company. But in United States a comparison is made between the highest paid employee to that of salary of average paid workers of the comp any and not with the lowest 10% paid staff of the company. But in Australia though the remuneration structure of the directors are disclosed but a comparison in the form of ratios are not disclosed in the reports which give a better transparency and a comparison of the remuneration paid to high paid employees (Kruger, 2013. Whereas United Kingdom government restricts the rights of the shareholders to binding vote for approving the remuneration reports in the annual general meeting on the other hand Australian government has given the rights to the shareholders to approve the remuneration structure of the executive body in the Annual general meeting based on which the future years remuneration structure will be decided after it is agreed upon (Crawford, 2008). Undoubtedly a transparency is required for the shareholders so that they can have a proper control over the decisions of the management and the executive management who are handling the finances and operations of the company ca nnot exercise a wrong power over the company and cannot take undue benefits of the powers given to them by the government. Though it is important for the shareholders to have a knowledge about the remuneration structure of the executive body but on the other hand wherein the management is taking all the risks to increase the profits of the organisation will not be able to take any incentive over and above as approved by the shareholders. The shareholders on the other hand will be of the view that the management is able to earn profits only by using the funds given by them to the company so the management should not be able to get the benefit over and above approved by the shareholders. This will though increase the transparency but management will not be happy with this and they will find out ways to get the benefit in the manner in which the shareholders will not be able to have an idea of the benefits being taken by them. This will lead to fraudulence in the accounts of the compan y and a clear and true and fair view of the accounts will not be presented in front of the shareholders of the organisation. Qualitative Hurdles in the Compensation of Executives Rates of increasing use of qualitative hurdles in the compensation of executives have made the Australian Shareholders Association concerned. This is because such increment have enhanced to such an extent that multi-billion dollar rafts have become very common in large listed companies (Pvary, 2015). Furthermore, this has also generated a huge loophole in the pay structure of CEOs and other executives of Australia on one hand, and other workforce and employees on the other hand. Besides, this gap has become so massive that it is highly subject to enhanced levels of criticisms. For instance, in the case of Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA), it has been noted that Ian Narev, the Chief Executive Officer of CBA received massive amount of executive compensation but the key thing that is worth mentioning is that more than half of the compensation resulted from endowing of previous LTI (Long term Incentive) awards (Pvary, 2015). This implies that such increased use of qualitative hurdles in executive compensation makes it simpler for an executive like Ian Narev and his upcoming successors to obtain huge payouts even in the future. Furthermore, recent and present international financial turbulence, and the escorting huge diminution of wealth of shareholders have strengthened the viewpoint that level of executive compensation are excessive. Such shareholders also view that compensation through qualitative hurdles does not align properly with their interests and motivate activities that contradict with long-term creation of wealth (ASA, 2016). The executives of Australia used to receive compensation against their customer satisfaction obstacles and TSR (total shareholder return) hurdles, but such recent changes in the use of qualitative hurdles have created an issue for the ASA. Another concern for the ASA regarding such matter is that most of the public listed companies of Australia utilize performance policies instead of dividends and price of shares, to ascertain t he STI (short-term incentive) of their executives. These performance policies are highly and more often associated with the qualitative hurdles instead of performance of share prices. While these variations depict relevant sentiments in real, wherein hurdles rely on qualitative measures, there is high resilience in the interpretation that compensation payment will efficiently be up to the Board to determine (ASA, 2016). Although such increased use of qualitative hurdles in payment of executive compensation have been framed to motivate the executives for the betterment of the organization as a whole, yet studies have depicted that qualitative hurdles can result in narrowing of focus, motivate immoral behavior, and diminish time horizons. Furthermore, it has been provided that reliance on qualitative hurdles regarding executive compensation can result in a harmful obsession with short-term measurement of performance. In addition to this, the incentive influences of executives compensation therefore are used to express the enhancement in the weighting of non-economical or non-financial output and input in adjusting awards. Therefore, both quantitative and qualitative hurdles must be used in the payment of executive compensation. Hence, such increased use of hurdles in executive compensation can highly alter their behavior and drive them towards immoral objectives, which is clearly not for the interest of the organization as a whole. Directors Sit on Various Boards, is this Problem, why or why not? A company is an artificial person created by law which has a separate legal entity from its promoters, members and all such persons. A company can sue and be sued but it needs a human agency to act. So Directors are such elected representatives of the shareholders which are responsible for the day to day management and business affairs of the company. As directors gain experience while performing their duties, they take up the directorship post on more than one company. This could both be a benefit as well as a problem. As a lot of related party transactions are taking place, which might not be at arms length either of the companies could be at a loss and such transactions are apparently made possible by the directors sitting on the boards of more than one company (ASA, 2016). It might be difficult for a director to concentrate and provide proper attention to the affairs of any specific company since the director has to take up the responsibility for the affairs of all the companies wherein directorship is held (Goodstein, 2011). This conflict of interest is a clear disadvantage of multiple directorships. To safeguard companies against such cases, there are legal provisions restricting the participation of the directors in transactions wherein they have any kind of interest (Fich Shivdasani, 2006). The two or more companies in which the same individual is holding directorship might be competitors or creditors or a major supplier or in such a position where one company is in a dominant position over another (ASA, 2016). This leads to the exploitation of the information or resources and apart from the unwarranted advantage for the company, the director can also satisfy their personal interests in such cases. It need not be necessarily restricted to a particular transaction or arrangement but can extend to non financial interests as well. Conflict of interest is not always direct (Levinee Prietula, 2013). Indirect conflict of interest occurs in cases when a party related to the director or any relative of the director enters into a transaction with such company where the same director is holding multiple directorships. The possibility for any party to express an unbiased opinion or decision in this case is almost a rarity (Bowen, 2006). Thus situations that could potentially make conflict of interest arise due to multiple directorships should also be expressly declared by the directors and they should restrain from participating in discussions or voting with reference to the same. A director might be taking up the opportunity to accept directorship with another company for a situation where he could profit for himself and is not known or disclosed to the other directors or shareholders. All these situations could lead to the loss of time and money for both the directors and the companies (Kalpan Williams, 2013). Practically there might be very few directors who might be able to do justice to multiple directorships but apart from that, this practice should not be encouraged for the better interests of the company and shareholders. References Alter, S 2013, Work System Theory: Overview of Core Concepts, Extensions, and Challenges for the Future, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 72-121. ASA 2016, ASA questions increasing use of qualitative hurdles in executive remuneration structures, viewed 22 October, 2016 https://www.australianshareholders.com.au/node/1195087 ASA 2016, Is it time for Metcash chairman Rob Murray to resign?, viewed 22 October, 2016, https://www.australianshareholders.com.au/node/1154680 Bowen, W.G 2006, The Board Book: An Insider's Guide for Directors and Trustees, W.W. Norton Company: New York London, Coffee, J 2009, Gatekeepers: The Professions and Corporate Governance, Oxford University Press Crawford, C. J 2008, Compliance conviction: the evolution of enlightened corporate governance, Santa Clara, Calif Fich, E. M., Shivdasani, A 2006, Are busy boards effective monitors?, The Journal of Finance, vol. 61, pp. 689724. Gillan, S.L 2006, Recent developments in corporate governance: an overview, Journal of Corporate Finance, vol. 12, pp. 381402. Goodstein, E 2011, Ethics and Economics, Economics and the Environment, Wiley Hooks, J Staden, V.CJ 2011, Evaluating environmental disclosures: the relationship between quality and extent measures, British Accounting Review, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 200-213. Kaplan, S. Williams, D 2013, Do going concern audit reports protect auditors from litigation? A simultaneous equations approach, The Accounting Review, 88(1), 199-232. Kruger, P 2015, Corporate goodness and shareholder wealth, Journal of Financial economics, pp. 304-329 Levine, S. S., Prietula, M. J 2013, Open Collaboration for Innovation: Principles and Performance, Organization Science, Harvard Press Pvary, A 2015, Remuneration voting, viewed 22 October, 2016 https://www.allenovery.com/publications/en-gb/corporate-governance/Documents/Brochure_Remuneration%20Voting-Dinesh%20Rajan.pdf

The Sun Also Rises Essays (3318 words) - Frankenstein,

The Sun Also Rises According to the Greek poet Hesiod, the Titan demi-god Prometheus was responsible for the creation of men. He manufactured them from clay, from the natural earth. When Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus, she left little doubt that the creator of the monster, Victor Frankenstein, by making a living creature from inaminate parts was a new Prometheus. But her metaphor extends beyond the immediately obvious. In Hesiod's myth, Prometheus had an inflated sense of self importance and was determined to be adored by men. Because men had no control over fire they were destined to remain mere animals. The forbidden knowledge of fire, the most basic and natural form of energy was the domain of the god, Zeus. The ego-centric Prometheus became obsessed with devising a means by which he could procure fire and with no other motive in mind than glory, he cunningly stole fire from Zeus and gave it to a grateful mankind. Prometheus' trickery was bound to invite catastrophe. Zeus' retribution was swift and twofold. Firstly, with the help of Hephaestus, Hermes and Aphrodite, he fashioned out of clay the first woman, Pandora. Thereafter, men would no longer be born directly from the earth; now through women, they would undergo birth by procreation, and consequently old age, suffering and death. She was given a box which contained all manner of misery and evils and was responsible for letting them escape, to torment humankind forever. Secondly, Zeus caught Prometheus, chained him to a rock, and each day an eagle would visit him and feed on his liver. Prometheus' liver, however, replenished itself overnight, so he was condemned not so much to a single act of punishment but to perpetual torture. This is the price of tampering with nature. Prometheus' ultimate downfall was caused, not by a poorly executed theft, but by the driving force of his own self-interest. By characterising Prometheanism, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein is a critique of male egoism. Shelley repre sents male egoism through the assertiveness of her glory seeking characters. The attitude of her narrator, Robert Walton, is typified by his belief in his ?God given right' to have ultimate success in Arctic explorations. He writes to his sister Margaret asking, do I not deserve to accomplish some great purpose? (Shelley 17) This attitude continues as he tells Victor that he would sacrifice anything, including men's (presumably other men's) lives for the success of his polar expedition and for the dominion I should acquire and transmit over the elemental foes of our race(28). This boast, made in the very midst of vast polar 2. ice fields, impels Victor to tell his story, as both a confession and also as a warning to Walton. If Victor is the ?Modern Prometheus', Walton is certainly his apprentice. Like Victor's knowledge of how to create a living being from dead matter, the knowledge which Walton seeks is forbidden; the secret of nature. By the end of the novel Walton has become awar e of the ominous aspect of the Arctic. Certainly, the cruelty of the Arctic has not been lost on the crew of his ship who threaten mutiny. Their human spirit, in striving for forbidden knowledge, when confronted with the terrifying and mysterious abyss of nature, prefers to retreat trembling from the inhuman and seemingly infinite icy wilds. On his deathbed, Victor asks them, Did you not call this a glorious expedition? ..... You were hereafter to be hailed as the benefactor of your species; your names adored, as belonging to the brave men who encountered death and honour, and the benefit of mankind(214). Despite Victor's rousing speech, the crew resolve to return to the safety and warmth of ?Mother England', no longer able to call themselves ?true men'. Or, perhaps they have some forethought that, in finding absolution in ?Walton The Confessor', Victor's parting words would be, Seek happiness in tranquillity, and avoid ambition...(217). With these last words, Victor is finally able to release himself from his dogma of glory and from life itself but his unflagging egoism will not let him concede that he might have acted in error: I have myself been blasted in these hopes (of discovery), yet another may succeed(218). Another,

How Logical Fallacy Invalidates Any Argument

How Logical Fallacy Invalidates Any Argument Fallacies are defects that cause an argument to be invalid, unsound, or weak. Logical fallacies can be separated into two general groups: formal and informal. A formal fallacy is a defect which can be identified merely by looking at the logical structure of an argument, rather than at any specific statements. Informal fallacies are defects which can be identified only through an analysis of the actual content of the argument. Formal Fallacies Formal fallacies are found only in deductive arguments with identifiable forms. One of the things which makes them appear reasonable is the fact that they look like and mimic valid logical arguments, but are in fact invalid. Here is an example: Premise: All humans are mammals.Premise: All cats are mammals.Conclusion: All humans are cats. Both premises in this argument are true, but the conclusion is false. The defect is a formal fallacy, and can be demonstrated by reducing the argument to its bare structure: All A are CAll B are CAll A are B It does not matter what A, B, and C stand for. We could replace them with wines, milk, and beverages. The argument would still be invalid for the exact same reason. It can be helpful to reduce an argument to its structure and ignore content in order to see if it is valid. Informal Fallacies Informal fallacies are defects which can be identified only through an analysis of the actual content of the argument, rather than through its structure. Here is an example: Premise: Geological events produce rock.Premise: Rock is a type of music.Conclusion: Geological events produce music. The premises in this argument are true but clearly, the conclusion is false. Is the defect a formal fallacy or an informal fallacy? To see if this is actually a formal fallacy, we have to break it down to its basic structure: A BB CA C This structure is valid. Therefore, the defect cannot be a formal fallacy and must instead be an informal fallacy that is identifiable from the content. When we examine the content, we find that a key term (rock) is being used with two different definitions. Informal fallacies can work in several ways. Some distract the reader from what is really going on. Some, like in the above example, make use of ambiguity to cause confusion. Defective Arguments There are many ways to categorize fallacies. Aristotle was the first to try to systematically describe and categorize them, identifying 13 fallacies divided into two groups. Since then,  many more have been described and the categorization has become more complicated. The categorization used here should prove useful, but it is not the only valid way of organizing fallacies. Fallacies of Grammatical Analogy Arguments with this defect have a structure that is grammatically close to arguments which are valid and make no fallacies. Because of this close similarity, a reader can be distracted into thinking that a bad argument is actually valid. Fallacies of Ambiguity With these fallacies, some sort of ambiguity is introduced either in the premises or in the conclusion itself. This way, an apparently false idea can be made to appear true so long as the reader does not notice the problematic definitions. Examples: Equivocation FallacyNo True Scotsman FallacyQuoting out of ContextFallacies of Relevance These fallacies all make use of premises which are logically irrelevant to the final conclusion. Examples: Ad HominemAppeals to AuthorityAppeals to Emotion and DesireFallacies of Presumption Logical fallacies of presumption arise because the premises already assume what they are supposed to prove. This is invalid because there is no point in trying to prove something you already assume to be true. No one who needs to have something proven to them will accept a premise which already assumes the truth of that idea. Examples: Begging the QuestionComplex QuestionFalse DilemmaFallacies of Weak Induction With this type of fallacy, there may be an apparent logical connection between the premises and the conclusion. However, if that connection is real, then it is too weak to support the conclusion. Examples: Ad Hoc RationalizationOversimplification Exaggeration Sources Barker, Stephen F. Elements of Logic. Hardcover - 1675, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Curti, Gary N. Weblog. Fallacy Files, March 31, 2019.   Edwards, Paul (Editor). The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Hardcover, 1st edition, Macmillan/Collier, 1972. Engel, S. Morris. With Good Reason: An Introduction to Informal Fallacies. Sixth Edition, Bedford/St. Martins, March 21, 2014. Hurley, Patrick J. A Concise Introduction to Logic. 12 Edition, Cengage Learning, January 1, 2014. Salmon, Merrilee H. Introduction to Logic and Critical Thinking. 6th Edition, Cengage Learning, January 1, 2012. Vos Savant, Marilyn. The Power of Logical Thinking: Easy Lessons in the Art of Reasoning...and Hard Facts About Its Absence in Our Lives. Hardcover, 1st edition, St Martins Press, March 1, 1996.

Didelphodon - Facts and Figures

Didelphodon - Facts and Figures Name: Didelphodon (Greek for opossum tooth); pronounced die-DELL-foe-don Habitat: Swamps, lakes and rivers of North America Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (70-65 million years ago) Size and Weight: About one foot long and a few pounds Diet: Insects and small animals; possibly omnivorous Distinguishing Characteristics: Opossum-like teeth; semi-aquatic lifestyle; short, powerful jaws About Didelphodon Throughout the history of life on earth, marsupials have been mostly confined to two continents: Australia (where the vast majority of pouched mammals live today) and Cenozoic South America. However, one family of marsupialsthe pint-sized opossumshave prospered in North America for tens of millions of years, and are represented today by dozens of species. Didelphodon (Greek for opossum tooth), which lived in late Cretaceous North America alongside the last of the dinosaurs, is one of the earliest opossum ancestors yet known; as far as we can tell, this Mesozoic mammal wasnt significantly different from its modern descendants, burrowing underground during the day and hunting for insects, snails and possibly the hatchlings of prehistoric turtles at night. One of the odd things about Didelphodon is that it was apparently suited to a semi-aquatic lifestyle: the recently discovered skeleton of a nearly intact specimen, recovered near a Triceratops individual, reveals a sleek, otter-like body equipped with a Tasmanian Devil-like head and strong jaws, which may have been used to feast on mollusks in lakes and rivers, as well as insects, plants, and pretty much anything that moved. However, one shouldnt take Didelphodons guest appearances on animated TV documentaries too literally: in one episode of Walking with Dinosaurs, this tiny mammal is depicted unsuccessfully raiding a clutch of Tyrannosaurus Rex eggs, and an installment of Prehistoric Planet shows Didelphodon scavenging the carcass of a juvenile Torosaurus!

Group portfolio Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Group portfolio - Research Paper Example However, the organization sticks to its beliefs that successful companies move with the time while still devoting to developing a healthy and dynamic enterprise. One of the core cultural values that Haier group has is the rights and wrongs sense whereby the product users are considered always to be right while the company need to regularly improve itself (Sprague, 2002). The culture acts as the driving force, hence forming value for the customers; the employees work their best to meet the customer’s needs in addition to generating a wide variety of choices that they can choose from. The workforce has a mind-set, whereby, they feel the need to persistently advance themselves, which they perceive to be the only way they can continually refuse, dare and outdo themselves in order to realize their innovative character through change. The organization, in addition, has an adaptive culture that has led to its growth, whereby it maintains its pace with the social growth while maintaining an awareness of any changes occuring in the world. Its innovative character enables the firm to uphold a competitive benefit in the ever-changing market. Tha t is to say, the more radical the world changes the quicker the speed of customer’s variation, hence, the more lasting the inheritance turns out to be (Lin, 2005). In addition, the organization has employed the concept of two spirits, innovation and entrepreneurship, which are considered to be the genes for the company’s consistent culture. The genes ensure that all members of the workforce maintain their value in addition to guiding them in their individual development. It is also mandated for every employee to have the entrepreneurship and innovation spirits. Entrepreneurship is considered to be the spirit of pioneering work in which the company persuades all employees to have it (Yi, Jinsheng and Xian, 2002). They are encouraged to transform from being

434Mod3Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

434Mod3Case - Essay Example According to the U.S Supreme Court, the video games provide various conflicting situations and conditions to a number of children globally (Totilo, 2010). This also affects their parentage ability as parents are also influenced in this video gaming system. There are many cases involving video games especially in U.S Supreme Court where the offenders claim that video games affects their children upbringing and also leads to violence among them (Totilo, 2010). For example, in mid June the year 2011, the U.S Supreme Court wanted to ban the sale of various video games. However, the first amendment procedures stop them from doing so and later the California Supreme Court decided to ban some violent video games that were considered destructive to children. There are various video game designers in the country including the Nintendo toy games company that was founded in 1889 (Anderson, & Sakamoto, 2008). The firm developed their first video game in 1979 including the first portable video game for children that was designed later in 1980 (Totilo, 2010). The designers of these video games should and must be forced to take the responsibility of various depictions of violent and interpersonal conflicts especially on children of various age groups. The court should properly analyze the effects of video games on children and come out with the best strategy to control this violent act among the children (Anderson, & Sakamoto, 2008). Video games have been available in the global entertainment industry for around thirty years (Totilo, 2011). The recent video games mostly involve the players emotional as well as physically feelings and this makes them have profound impact on children (Totilo, 2010). Currently, around eighty percent of children in the U.S play video games daily and this promote the sales of video games globally (Totilo, 2011). One of major positive impact that video games have on

Project Mercury and Its Legacy Essay Example for Free

Project Mercury and Its Legacy Essay In the twentieth century, the United States and the Soviet Union engaged in a competition called the Space Race. This was a race to who would be the first country to send a rocket and a human being up into space. Although the Soviet Union was the first to send both a rocket and a human up into space, the United States successfully carried out a space mission called Project Mercury. Project Mercury was carried out in 1959 and came to a conclusion in 1963. It was the first human spaceflight program that was undertaken by the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). From when it was first introduced, to when the space mission was carried out, and when it had succumbed to its end, Project Mercury became an important mission which left one of the greatest legacies in United States history. In the initiation of Project Mercury, the government began a search for seven great Americans who would become United Statess first astronauts. To be considered for the position, the Americans had to meet some requirements, which were as follows: needed to be test pilots, needed to be no taller than 511, needed to weigh no more than 180 pounds, needed to be under the age of forty, needed to have a Bachelors degree or equivalent, have 1,500 hours of flying time, and have qualifications for flying jets. In addition to the requirements, the pilots had to go through rigorous testing and training that would assure that they were capable handling problems the spacecraft and the flight may pose on them. Out of the handful of pilots who met these requirements, only seven were chosen to become Americas first astronauts who were Alan Shepard, Gus Grissom, John Glenn, Scott Carpenter, Wally Schirra, Gordon Cooper, and Deke Slayton. Since these flights were going to be manned, NASA contracted Max Faget as the primary designer, along with a team of engineers to build the Mercury Spacecraft. Its design was a cone-shaped one-man capsule with a cylinder mounted on top. Two meters (6 ft, 10 in) long, 1.9 meters (6 ft, 2 1/2 in) in diameter, a 5.8 meter (19 ft, 2 in) escape tower was fastened to the cylinder of the capsule. The blunt end was covered with an ablative heat shield to protect it against the 3000 degree heat of entry into the atmosphere (Mercury Spacecraft). This design would be the first capsule that would go up into space. Project Mercury was finally undertaken after all of the seven American Astronauts were physically and mentally prepared, the spacecraft was built, and the rockets were safe to launch. Before America could send the first human up into space, they needed to make sure that the rocket was not going to blow up as it had done in launch tests. Engineers and scientists were working hard to accomplish this, but trial after trial, the rockets were always blowing up. Finally, NASA was able to perfect the rocket, and on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard was the first American to be launched into space on the spacecraft called Freedom 7. This event was one of the greatest moments for America which anticipated further launches into space to explore what is beyond Earths atmosphere. The second flight was manned by Gus Grissom who was launched into space on the spacecraft called Liberty Bell on July 21, 1961. He successfully was able to complete a suborbital flight, but as he landed, his spacecraft hatch blew open and NASA was not able to recover the spacecraft. The first American to orbit the Earth was the third flight using the Friendship 7 spacecraft that was manned by John Glenn on February 20, 1962. He was only able to orbit the Earth three times due to concerns about the spacecrafts heat shield. Then, on May 15, 1963, Gordon Cooper became the first American to be in space for over a day and successfully orbited the Earth twenty-two times using the Faith 7 spacecraft. He was also the last American astronaut to be launched into space alone. Ultimately, Project Mercury came to its end creating one of the greatest legacies of United States history. The overall cost for Project Mercury added up to $1.6 billion in inflation-adjusted dollars (Program Cost). There are numerous legacies that Project Mercury left to Americans. One of those legacies is the will of America to continue the space programs after President John F. Kennedy said that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before the decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth (President Kennedys Challenge). Also, Project Mercurys greatest legacy is that it was United States first successful human spaceflight program. Project Mercury also influenced author Tom Wolfe who wrote the book The Right Stuff, which was later developed into a movie directed by Philip Kaufman. In conclusion, from the inception and up to the end of the space program, Project Mercury was a prominent accomplishment for the United States, leaving one of the greatest legacies for America. It changed the game of how America would accomplish its goals of becoming the first country to send an astronaut to the moon. At the end, the seven American astronauts who were chosen to be part of the space program will always be part of United States history and Project Mercury will continue to be the reason for where we are today pertaining to Americas advanced space program.

Frank Gehry Essay -- Biography Biographical Essays

Frank Gehry Quote â€Å"When everybody else is ready for the ending, I’m just ready to begin,† Frank Gehry once wrote. â€Å"It’s been the story of my life† (qtd. in Templer, 1999, pp.1) Laying the Foundation Born on 28 February 1929 in Toronto, Canada, Frank O. Goldberg entered a household with a strong Polish and Jewish heritage. Twenty years earlier, Thelma Caplanski left Poland with her parents, a couple with deep religious morals. Once they settled in Toronto, the two decided to change their last name to Caplan. The owner of a hardware store, her father was also the president of a synagogue. His wife, Frank’s grandmother, was said to have good visual abilities. Thelma would continue working with the Jewish community through a Yiddish theater and the Jewish Women’s Organization as she raised Frank. Like several of Howard Gardner’s figures, Frank was close with his mother and grandmother. Frank’s father, Irving Goldberg was born to Polish immigrants in Brooklyn, New York. He lived a hard life and had to work as a kid after his father died when he was 11. Since Irving liked to fight on the streets for money, Frank would learn these skills at a later age. Frank would later be a boxer and participated in full contact karate. When Irving moved to Canada as he moved from job to job, he met Thelma and they ultimately got married. A good student, Frank went to a Hebrew school and his best subject was math; he even spoke Yiddish (Hines, 1986). In later years, his French schooling would give him an advantage while he worked in Europe (Hines, 1986; Templer, 1999). For seven years, he worked in his grandfather’s hardware store where he began to notice the variety of supplies th... ...tions, Inc. Kandela, P. (2001). The buildings of Frank Gehry. The Lancet, 358, 677-678. Levene, R. C., et al. Frank Gehry 1991-1995. El Croquis, 74/75, 5. Temko, Allan. (1993). No Way to Build a Ballpark: and Other Irreverent Essays on Architecture. San Francisco: Chronicle Books. Templer, K. (1999, October 5). Frank Gehry. People. http://www.salon.com/people/bc/1999/10/05/gehry/print.html (2001 November 14). Frank Gehry: Architect. Guggenheim Museum. http://www.guggenheim.org/exhibitions/gehry/biography.html (2001 November 14). Frank Gehry:Pritzker Architecture Prize Laureate 1989. Complete List of Pritzker Architecture Prize Laureates 1979 – 2001 http://www.pritzkerprize.com/gehry.htm Picture Web Links: http://www.pritzkerprize.com/gehry/gehrypg.htm http://www.guggenheim.org/exhibitions/gehry/ http://www.frank-gehry.com/projects.htm

Physics Investigatory Project Essay

-catch the attention, concise, accurate, and descriptive. -the phrase â€Å"A Study to Show† should be avoided, because in research you do not seek to prove something, but rather to find an answer B. Abstract -gives the essential or principal features of the project of the study -summary of the study which includes the objectives, procedures, and the result of the study CHAPTER 1 C. Introduction -presents the reasons that led the investigator to launch the study -a historical background maybe given -may state some observations and relevant conditions that prompted the investigator to launch the study. D. Statement of the Problem -the nature and scope of the problem should be presented with clarity. 1) General Objective- this is related to the problem as given in the early part 2) Specific Objective- this states the purpose of each experiment conducted E. Significance of the study -the importance of the study is explained in this part. -indicate the groups that will benefit on your study F. Scope and Limitations -states the coverage and extent of the study -states the focus of the study -states the samples and sampling techniques (e.g. this study is conducted in LCC-C with 30 respondents coming from fourth year†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.the researchers used questionnaires†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..) CHAPTER 2 G. Review of Related Literature -sufficient background information should be presented for readers to understand and evaluate the results of the present study and theories written on the topic should be included. -includes local and foreign related studies -note: do not just copy and paste the articles or any other related research on this part. The researchers should rephrase some statements to make it their own. -Use APA style in citing your references CHAPTER 3 H. Methodology –provides enough details so that a competent worker can repeat the experiments. -includes materials and general procedures. -materials and procedures should be supported by pictures CHAPTER IV I. Results and Discussion 1. Findings- the data may be presented in full and discussed descriptively in text or these maybe summarized by tables, pictures, and graphs 2. Analysis of Data- the interpretation of the findings are discussed and the significant features shown in the tables, figures or paragraphs are pointed out. 3. Conclusions- the general truth implied or illustrated by the results should be clearly stated. The evidence based on the results should be summarized for each statement. 4. Recommendations- consists of suggestions on future actions such as a new direction of research or further experiments to be performed, practices that might be adapted or discarded in order to attain certain goals or objectives. CHAPTER V- Bibliography

Informative Speech Outline

Every year we are given 365 days, 8,765 hours, 526,000 minutes, or 31. 6 million seconds. How we spend this time is entirely different, but that's what makes us unique from everyone else. As a college student, managing your time is everything. From choosing how long to study to what people you hang out with the most affects your college years tremendously. Subject Sentence: Depending on how you spend your time can make you fail or succeed. Connective: To begin with, Body I) Have set clear goals Personal Goals A. 1.Definable goal that helps better yourself 2. Must have balance B. Career or Academic Goals 1. Must be realistic 2. Have a set deadline 3. Create a calendar 4. Be driven Connective: Next, II) Time Efficiency A. Plan your day out 1. Decide how to allot your time 2. Include both work and personal obligations 3. Use a planner 4. Make a to-do list 5. Pretzel tasks B. Make sacrifices 1. Decide what tasks are mandatory vs.. What tasks can be put off 2. Understand and accept that t here is only 24 hours in each day and that not everything can always be done C.Avoid Procrastination 1 . Start as soon as possible not as late as possible 2. Say no more often 3. Turn off your cell phone and other electronics 4. Know and be able to recognize the difference between â€Å"l don't want to† and † have time†. 5. Have allotted alone time 6. Be responsible for yourself Connective: In comparison, these are the dangers of not managing time well, Ill) Dangers of not managing time well A. Falling behind in classes 1 . Bad grades 2. Rushed assignments 3. Unpreserved for class 4. Failing out of school or getting fired from a Job B. Causes Stress 1.Miss out on other opportunities 2. Strained relationships 3. Mentally unhealthy a. Strained relationships b. Isolation from others . Depression d. Memory problems e. Constant worrying 4. Physically unhealthy a. Disrupted sleep b. Isolation c. Headaches d. Weight loss or gain Connective: In conclusion, Conclusion I do n't Everyone deals with time management every day but not everyone manages his or best for you and use them. The ability to get that 4. 0 or promotion might Just be a matter of managing your time in a better manner. Time is the only thing we really can't afford to lose. Informative Speech Outline Title: Fastest Production Car Bugatti Veyron EB 16. 4. Speaker: Bharath Tripuraneni Specific Purpose: To Inform Thesis Statement: From the history of the car till design and mechanics. Introduction I. Attention-getter: Even though there are cars, which are faster than Veyron, this car has rose to fame because of it mechanics and design, which made it a street legal car. II. Establishment of ethos: I am credible to talk about this car as I have done research related to this car and I am a car enthusiast. III. Thematic statement: From the history of the car till design and mechanics.IV. Preview (each main point): First †¦ I am going to talk about the history of the car. Next †¦ The design of the car. Finally†¦ The mechanics of the car. (Transition) Now I am going to talk about the Origin of the car. Body I. Origin of the car. A. The car has been designed and developed by the Volkswagen Group. 1. In 1998, the Volkswagen Group purchased the former car manufacturer Bugatti in order to revive the brand. 2. The decision to start production of the car was taken by Volkswagen Group in 2001. The first roadworthy prototype was completed in august 2003.The prototype is identical to the produced car with minor changes, due to many technical problems; the production of the car has been delayed several times and was finally released on September 2005. B. The car was named in honor of Pierre Veyron. 1. A Bugatti development engineer, test driver and company race driver who, with co-driver Jean-Pierre Wilmille, won the 1939 Le Mans race while driving a Bugatti. 2. â€Å"EB† refers to Bugatti founder Ettore Bugatti and the â€Å"16. 4† refers to the engine which has 16 cylinders and 4 turbochargers. Internal Summary) This car was designed and developed in 2001 and released in 2005 under the honor of Bugatti racecar driver Pierre Veyron. (Transition) Now that we have talked about the origin of the car, I will discuss the design of the car. II. Design of the car. A. The design of the Veyron honors a great heritage of the company design without drifting off into retro style. 1. Every detail of the classic two-tone color scheme from the 1920s and the 1930’s resulting in the typical Bugatti profile. 2.Ettore Bugatti himself used the contrasting colors for his cars, which is also been used on the Veyron. B. The Veyron’s classic paintwork and harmonious design connect this state-of-the-art super sports car to the heritage of Bugatti automobiles. 1. The large radiator grill with the hand-enameled Bugatti emblem – represents the grandness of the Veyron. 2. The sports car’s front is defined by the contrast of its broad headlights and majestic grill and the rear end, which is 1. 99m wide, has a retractable spoiler, which is also used as an air brake. Internal Summary) this car has the typical Bugatti two-tone color scheme started by Ettore Bugatti and a rear spoiler, which is also used as an air brake. (Transit ion) now that we have talked about the design of the car, I will discuss the mechanics of the car. III. Mechanics of the car. A. Specifications of the car.1. The Veyron features an 8. 0-liter, quad-turbocharged, W16 cylinder engine, which means the engine, is made of two V8 engines attached in a W shape which produces 1001 horse power. and a top speed of 253. 81 mph. he car goes from 0-60 mph in 2. 46 seconds. 2. Normally a car has one radiator, but the Veyron has 10 radiators in order to cool the engine down, as it produces so much heat. B. Performance of the car. 1. The car goes from 0-60 mph in 2. 46 seconds and has a top speed of 253. 81 mph. 2. EPA highway driving gives 13miles per gallon and city 8, but when put in top speed mode gives 3 miles per gallon per minute or it drinks 1. 4 gallons of fuel per minute. (Internal Summary) Veyron produces 1001 horsepower, which has a top speed of 253. 1 mph and gives 13 miles on highway and 8 on city. (Transition to conclusion) Now, we h ave talked about the mechanics of the car. Conclusion I. Summarize (overall theme): Bugatti Veyron is the fastest production car in the world . II. Review (Each Main Point) 1. Today I first described the origin of the car 2. Second, I described the design of the car 3. Finally, the mechanics of the car. III. Tie to the Introduction: From the origin of the car till the design and mechanics.IV. Creative concluding thought (end with impact): The car uses Michelin PAX run-flat tires, which are designed specifically to accommodate the Veyron’s top speed, which cost $25,000 per set. And when the car is driven on top speed mode, engineers of the car know that the tires will burst after a certain point, so they made sure that whole tank of fuel finishes before the tiers burst. References: http://www. bugatti. com/en/veyron-16. 4/design. html Car and Driver Auto Magazine. Informative Speech Outline Every year we are given 365 days, 8,765 hours, 526,000 minutes, or 31. 6 million seconds. How we spend this time is entirely different, but that's what makes us unique from everyone else. As a college student, managing your time is everything. From choosing how long to study to what people you hang out with the most affects your college years tremendously. Subject Sentence: Depending on how you spend your time can make you fail or succeed. Connective: To begin with, Body I) Have set clear goals Personal Goals A. 1.Definable goal that helps better yourself 2. Must have balance B. Career or Academic Goals 1. Must be realistic 2. Have a set deadline 3. Create a calendar 4. Be driven Connective: Next, II) Time Efficiency A. Plan your day out 1. Decide how to allot your time 2. Include both work and personal obligations 3. Use a planner 4. Make a to-do list 5. Pretzel tasks B. Make sacrifices 1. Decide what tasks are mandatory vs.. What tasks can be put off 2. Understand and accept that t here is only 24 hours in each day and that not everything can always be done C.Avoid Procrastination 1 . Start as soon as possible not as late as possible 2. Say no more often 3. Turn off your cell phone and other electronics 4. Know and be able to recognize the difference between â€Å"l don't want to† and † have time†. 5. Have allotted alone time 6. Be responsible for yourself Connective: In comparison, these are the dangers of not managing time well, Ill) Dangers of not managing time well A. Falling behind in classes 1 . Bad grades 2. Rushed assignments 3. Unpreserved for class 4. Failing out of school or getting fired from a Job B. Causes Stress 1.Miss out on other opportunities 2. Strained relationships 3. Mentally unhealthy a. Strained relationships b. Isolation from others . Depression d. Memory problems e. Constant worrying 4. Physically unhealthy a. Disrupted sleep b. Isolation c. Headaches d. Weight loss or gain Connective: In conclusion, Conclusion I do n't Everyone deals with time management every day but not everyone manages his or best for you and use them. The ability to get that 4. 0 or promotion might Just be a matter of managing your time in a better manner. Time is the only thing we really can't afford to lose. Informative Speech Outline General Purpose: I am giving this speech because this topic is very important to me and I want you to know about it as well. Specific Purpose: I am going to be informing my audience about Rachel’s Challenge in hopes of sharing Rachel’s story. I. Introduction 1. In the year 1999, a tragedy at Columbine High school occurred. This is what help start Rachel’s Challenge. 2. Bullying never leads to good out comes. Rachel’s story is proof of that. 3. Today I am here to inform you about Rachel’s Challenge, Rachel’s story, and what bullying can lead to.First I am going to inform you about Rachel’s challenge and what it is exactly. II. Body A. Rachel’s Challenge 1. 160,000 students don’t go to school because they are bullied, teased, and harassed each day. Rachel’s Challenge is helping create safer and better learning environments and making a world wide impact because Rachel’s family decided to make the Columbine Hig h School tragedy a mission for a change. 2. Rachel’s Challenge isn’t just meant to create change in schools around the world, it is to create change in businesses as well. It is to help create an environment of kindness, compassion, and safety.This is all according to www. rachelschallenge. org. 3. Now that I have told you about Rachel’s Challenge,†¦ †¦I will now inform you about Rachel’s story. B. Rachel’s Story 1. According to Craig Scott, a man I saw tell Rachel’s story, Rachel was the middle of five kids, but she handled that pretty well. She was very social and never passed up a sleep over at a friend’s house, a school event, or playing a board game with her family. Rachel loved being around people, it energized her. Her parents said that she could light up a room with her presence.She loved music and photography as well. Rachel wasn’t worried about anything besides her profile. When she was 5, she fell on the si de walk and broke her nose. The accident left a bump on the bridge of her nose which made her worry that people were staring at it when they spoke to her. 2. Rachel was very kind. She always felt sympathy for those who were less fortunate than she was. She tried to reach out to people who had social, mental, and/or physical handicaps. She was a kind girl, and she learned the power of compliments and acts of kindness at an early age.This is all according to www. rachelschallenge. org. 3. Now that I have told you about Rachel’s Challenge and Rachel’s story,†¦ †¦I will now inform you what bullying can lead to. C. What Bullying can Lead to 1. As I said before, bullying never leads to good outcomes. It can do horrible things to people. According to wiki. answers. com, when I asked the answer â€Å"What bullying can do to a person,† they said that bullying can lead a person into depression, and eventually that depression that a person is driven into will mak e them feel like they hate their life.Also according to wiki. answers. com, a person who already feels like they hate their life will feel the need to commit suicide when what they should really do is go to someone. 2. So many deaths are caused by the person’s own hand because of bullying. This is why Rachel’s Challenge was started. III. Conclusion A. Now that you know what Rachel’s Challenge is, Rachel’s story, and what bullying can lead to, I hope you will follow Rachel in bringing kindness and compassion to the world. Works Cited www. rachelschallenge. org Wiki. answers. com Craig Scott Informative Speech Outline General Purpose: I am giving this speech because this topic is very important to me and I want you to know about it as well. Specific Purpose: I am going to be informing my audience about Rachel’s Challenge in hopes of sharing Rachel’s story. I. Introduction 1. In the year 1999, a tragedy at Columbine High school occurred. This is what help start Rachel’s Challenge. 2. Bullying never leads to good out comes. Rachel’s story is proof of that. 3. Today I am here to inform you about Rachel’s Challenge, Rachel’s story, and what bullying can lead to.First I am going to inform you about Rachel’s challenge and what it is exactly. II. Body A. Rachel’s Challenge 1. 160,000 students don’t go to school because they are bullied, teased, and harassed each day. Rachel’s Challenge is helping create safer and better learning environments and making a world wide impact because Rachel’s family decided to make the Columbine Hig h School tragedy a mission for a change. 2. Rachel’s Challenge isn’t just meant to create change in schools around the world, it is to create change in businesses as well. It is to help create an environment of kindness, compassion, and safety.This is all according to www. rachelschallenge. org. 3. Now that I have told you about Rachel’s Challenge,†¦ †¦I will now inform you about Rachel’s story. B. Rachel’s Story 1. According to Craig Scott, a man I saw tell Rachel’s story, Rachel was the middle of five kids, but she handled that pretty well. She was very social and never passed up a sleep over at a friend’s house, a school event, or playing a board game with her family. Rachel loved being around people, it energized her. Her parents said that she could light up a room with her presence.She loved music and photography as well. Rachel wasn’t worried about anything besides her profile. When she was 5, she fell on the si de walk and broke her nose. The accident left a bump on the bridge of her nose which made her worry that people were staring at it when they spoke to her. 2. Rachel was very kind. She always felt sympathy for those who were less fortunate than she was. She tried to reach out to people who had social, mental, and/or physical handicaps. She was a kind girl, and she learned the power of compliments and acts of kindness at an early age.This is all according to www. rachelschallenge. org. 3. Now that I have told you about Rachel’s Challenge and Rachel’s story,†¦ †¦I will now inform you what bullying can lead to. C. What Bullying can Lead to 1. As I said before, bullying never leads to good outcomes. It can do horrible things to people. According to wiki. answers. com, when I asked the answer â€Å"What bullying can do to a person,† they said that bullying can lead a person into depression, and eventually that depression that a person is driven into will mak e them feel like they hate their life.Also according to wiki. answers. com, a person who already feels like they hate their life will feel the need to commit suicide when what they should really do is go to someone. 2. So many deaths are caused by the person’s own hand because of bullying. This is why Rachel’s Challenge was started. III. Conclusion A. Now that you know what Rachel’s Challenge is, Rachel’s story, and what bullying can lead to, I hope you will follow Rachel in bringing kindness and compassion to the world. Works Cited www. rachelschallenge. org Wiki. answers. com Craig Scott Informative Speech Outline Every year we are given 365 days, 8,765 hours, 526,000 minutes, or 31. 6 million seconds. How we spend this time is entirely different, but that's what makes us unique from everyone else. As a college student, managing your time is everything. From choosing how long to study to what people you hang out with the most affects your college years tremendously. Subject Sentence: Depending on how you spend your time can make you fail or succeed. Connective: To begin with, Body I) Have set clear goals Personal Goals A. 1.Definable goal that helps better yourself 2. Must have balance B. Career or Academic Goals 1. Must be realistic 2. Have a set deadline 3. Create a calendar 4. Be driven Connective: Next, II) Time Efficiency A. Plan your day out 1. Decide how to allot your time 2. Include both work and personal obligations 3. Use a planner 4. Make a to-do list 5. Pretzel tasks B. Make sacrifices 1. Decide what tasks are mandatory vs.. What tasks can be put off 2. Understand and accept that t here is only 24 hours in each day and that not everything can always be done C.Avoid Procrastination 1 . Start as soon as possible not as late as possible 2. Say no more often 3. Turn off your cell phone and other electronics 4. Know and be able to recognize the difference between â€Å"l don't want to† and † have time†. 5. Have allotted alone time 6. Be responsible for yourself Connective: In comparison, these are the dangers of not managing time well, Ill) Dangers of not managing time well A. Falling behind in classes 1 . Bad grades 2. Rushed assignments 3. Unpreserved for class 4. Failing out of school or getting fired from a Job B. Causes Stress 1.Miss out on other opportunities 2. Strained relationships 3. Mentally unhealthy a. Strained relationships b. Isolation from others . Depression d. Memory problems e. Constant worrying 4. Physically unhealthy a. Disrupted sleep b. Isolation c. Headaches d. Weight loss or gain Connective: In conclusion, Conclusion I do n't Everyone deals with time management every day but not everyone manages his or best for you and use them. The ability to get that 4. 0 or promotion might Just be a matter of managing your time in a better manner. Time is the only thing we really can't afford to lose.

buy custom Major Strategies behind Implementing Risk Management Programs essay

buy custom Major Strategies behind Implementing Risk Management Programs essay Introduction A risk is the likelihood of the occurrence of something that brings about a loss. Loses can be either direct or indirect depending on the situation. For example, such risks as earthquakes cause a direct loss of buildings. On the other hand, indirect losses include losing customer confidence or reputation, and increased operation costs in the process of recovering. Due to the advancement in technology, risk levels have risen. Therefore, there has been a need to put in place strategies that will be aimed at reducing risks facing an organization. The latter depend on several factors such as the size of a company and the complexity of business procedures. This paper examines various strategies that an organization can use in implementing risk management programs. Risk Management Risk management seeks to reduce, eliminate and control risks with an aim of enhancing advantages and avoiding detrimental effects of provisional exposure. Risk management aims at maximizing the possibility of success and reducing the probability of potential losses. It also involves the process of identifying, monitoring, measuring and controlling risks (Alhawari, Karadsheh, Talet, Mansour, 2012). The process of assessing risks includes identifying, evaluating the impact and recommending reduction measures; risk mitigation entails prioritizing, implementing, and maintaining appropriate risk control (Shenkir Walker, 2007). The major steps of risk management include identifying, establishing, analyzing, developing risk alleviation programs, monitoring and reviewing risk management strategies. The major approaches to the implementation of risk management programs in the field of technology include the following. Communication and Consultation The aim of communication and consultation is to identify people who should be involved in the process of assessing risks including the identification, evaluaion, and analysis of people who will be involved in reviewing and monitoring risks (Shenkir Walker, 2007). Such persons should have understanding of the decision-making process and the reason why certain actions are required when tackling risk issues (Alhawari et al., 2012). It is also important to use modern technology in this process. Establishing the Context Through the process of identifying the context, a company will define parameters that will be taken into consideration when running and setting the extent and risks criteria in a certain process. Establishing the context should be considered deeply to determine how it is associated with the scope of a given risk management program and the technology that may be required in the process. There are some steps, within which a threat should be recognized, and they include the outside context and the environment where a company seeks to achieve its main objectives. The inner context involves the domestic environment where a firm seeks to achieve its aims. The risk management context defines the scope, objectives and parameters of an organization where risk management strategies are applied. The development of risk evaluation criteria mainly aims at evaluating the importance of risks and defining their acceptable levels for a given activity (Shenkir Walker, 2007). The last step is the defi nition of the structure of risk analysis, which entails determining those categories of risks that can be managed. Risks Identification Risk recognition is the fundamental step in the process of threat management. It determines and reveals possible risks that have a high probability of occurring. In this process, various risks are investigated by considering the activities of organizations and all directions and attempts that may cause exposure to risks in the future from the varying external and inner environment. Accurate technology equipment may be used in risk identification. RRisk Analysis Risk analysis aims at assessing the impact of exposure and the likelihood of particular outcomes. The impact of risk exposure should be considered under the elements of quality, benefit, time and resources (Shenkir Walker, 2007). Risk analysis determines the possibility and the consequences of any negative impacts and then estimates the actual level of risks by combining the probability and the outcomes. The risk management team should use the modern technology in carrying out a risk analysis. Risk Evaluation Before one determines the likelihood, it is imperative to consider the risk tolerance level of the organization. The latter should consider the risk appetite and determine acceptable and unacceptable risks. The former levels of risk depend on the degree of voluntaries (Shenkir Walker, 2007). The process of risk assessment gives enough material for decision-making. Risk Treatment The process of risk treatment entails selecting and implementing several options for treating various risks. In addition, it should provide such options for risk treatment as changing the consequences, avoiding risks, changing the likelihood of occurrence, as well as sharing and retaining risks (Alhawari et al., 2012). Monitoring and Review The process of monitoring and reviewing is a necessary and integral part in the risk supervision process. Risks need to be monitored to ensure that the changing environment does not influence risk priorities and ensure that the process of risk management is effective in both operation and design (Radack, 2009). The organization should ensure that it reviews the process of monitoring at least on an annual basis. For the above to work it is imperative for a company to understand the process of organizing risk management (Alhawari et al., 2012). In the process of monitoring, modern technology can also be applied. Buy custom Major Strategies behind Implementing Risk Management Programs essay

Learn About Italian Easter Traditions and Customs

Learn About Italian Easter Traditions and Customs A huge explosion will be detonated Easter Sunday in front of the magnificent green– and white–marbled neogothic church in Florences centro storico. Instead of running in fear from a terrorists bomb, though, thousands of spectators will cheer the noise and smoke, for they will be witnesses to the annual Scoppio del Carro- explosion of the cart. For over 300 years the Easter celebration in Florence has included this ritual, during which an elaborate wagon, a structure built in 1679 and standing two to three stories high, is dragged through Florence behind a fleet of white oxen decorated in garlands. The pageantry ends in front of the Basilica di S. Maria del Fiore, where Mass is held. During the midday service, a holy fire is stoked by ancient stone chips from the Holy Sepulcher, and the Archbishop lights a dove–shaped rocket which travels down a wire and collides with the cart in the square, setting off spectacular fireworks and explosions to the cheers of all. A big bang ensures a good harvest, and a parade in medieval costume follows. Tradition and ritual play a strong role in Italian culture, especially during celebrations such as Easter, the Christian holiday based on the pagan festival called Eostur-Monath. No matter what date Easter falls on, there are many ceremonies and culinary customs that are religiously upheld. Some traditions are regional, for instance the art of palm weaving, in which decorative crosses and other designs are created from the palms received on Palm Sunday. Easter Ceremonies in Italy At Vatican City there are a series of solemn events that culminate in Easter Sunday Mass. During the spring holy days that center around the vernal equinox there are also many other rites practiced throughout the country that have their roots in historic pagan rituals. In addition, the Monday following Easter is an official Italian holiday called la Pasquetta, so if traveling be prepared for another day of repose. Tredozio On Easter Monday the Palio dellUovo is a competition where eggs are the stars of the games. Merano The Corse Rusticane are conducted, fascinating races with a special breed of horses famous for their blonde manes ridden by youths wearing the local costumes of their towns. Before the race, the participants parade through the streets of the town followed by a band and folk dance groups. Barano dIschia On Easter Monday the Ndrezzata takes place- a dance which revives the fights against the Saracens. Carovigno On the Saturday before Easter is a procession dedicated to the Madonna del Belvedere during which the Nzeghe contest takes place: banners must be hurled as far as possible. Enna Religious rites dating back to the Spanish domination (fifteenth through seventeenth century) take place in this Sicilian town. On Good Friday, the different religious confraternities gather around the main church and over 2,000 friars wearing ancient costumes silently parade through the streets of the city. On Easter Sunday, the Paci ceremony takes place: the statue of the Virgin and that of Jesus Christ are first taken to the main square and then into the church where they stay for a week. Easter Dining In Italy, the expression Natale con i tuoi, Pasqua con chi vuoi is frequently heard (Christmas with your family, Easter with your own choice of friends). Oftentimes, this implies sitting down to a dinner that starts with minestra di Pasqua, the traditional beginning of the Neapolitan Easter meal. Other classic Easter recipes include carciofi fritti (fried artichokes), a main course of either capretto o agnellino al forno (roasted goat or baby lamb) or capretto cacio e uova (kid stewed with cheese, peas, and eggs), and carciofi e patate soffritti, a delicious vegetable side dish of sautà ©ed artichokes with baby potatoes. A holiday meal in Italy would not be complete without a traditional dessert, and during Easter there are several. Italian children finish their dinner with a rich bread shaped like a crown and studded with colored Easter egg candies. La pastiera Napoletana, the classic Neapolitan grain pie, is a centuries–old dish with innumerable versions, each made according to a closely guarded family recipe. Another treat is the  Colomba cake, a sweet, eggy, yeasted bread (like panettone plus candied orange peel, minus the raisins, and topped with sugared and sliced almonds) shaped in one of the most recognizable symbols of Easter, the dove. The Colomba cake takes on this form precisely because  la colomba  in Italian means dove, the symbol of peace and an appropriate finish to Easter dinner. Uova di Pasqua Although Italians do not decorate hard–boiled eggs nor have chocolate bunnies or pastel marshmallow chicks, the biggest Easter displays in bars, pastry shops, supermarkets, and especially at chocolatiers are brightly wrapped  uova di Pasqua- chocolate Easter eggs- in sizes that range from 10 grams (1/3 ounce) to 8 kilos (nearly 18 pounds). Most of them are made of milk chocolate in a mid–range, 10–ounce size by industrial chocolate makers. Some producers distinguish between their chocolate eggs for children (sales numbers are a closely guarded secret, but the market for these standard quality eggs is said to be shrinking with Italys birthrate) and expensive adult versions. All except the tiniest eggs contain a surprise. Grown–ups often find their eggs contain little silver picture frames or gold–dipped costume jewelry. The very best eggs are handmade by artisans of chocolate, who offer the service of inserting a surprise supplied by the purchaser. Car keys, engagement rings, and watches are some of the high–end gifts that have been tucked into Italian chocolate eggs in Italy. Italian Easter Vocabulary List Click to hear the highlighted word spoken by a native speaker. lagnello- lambBuona Pasqua- Happy Easteril coniglietto- bunny rabbitla crocifissione- Crucifixionla pace- peacela Pasquetta- Easter Mondayla primavera- springla resurrezione- Resurrectionla settimana santa- Holy WeeklUltima Cena- Last Supperle uova- eggsVenerdà ¬ Santo- Holy Friday

The effects of interest rate volatilities on the demand of Turkish Essay

The effects of interest rate volatilities on the demand of Turkish money - Essay Example This study aims to look at, particularly the possessions of interest rate volatilities in case of Turkey along with customary factors influencing the demand for money. Because the raise in interest rate volatility is probable to lead structural variations in the formation of behavioral dealings which defines economic sector. It will also really influence the demand for cash. Other than, it must be strained here that the nominal interest rate contains two parts: Expected rate of inflation and an expected real rate of return. Interest rate volatility is a very important factor in determining a healthy monetary policy for the economy. It is important to identify the factors that create the demand for money. The period of 1990s saw the banking sector in Turkey highly dominated by public banks, which were inefficient in its activities. The Turkish bank sector had a large number of serious discrepancies and deficiencies such as large risks in foreign currency, interest rates and liquidity in the banking sector. During the decided investigation period of 1990-2000s, the increase in GDP was only 2.5 per cent in Turkey. The banking sector in Turkey was deficient of good governance and the economic environment in which the banks existed brought severe economic losses to the bank. â€Å"The credits-to-total assets ratio declined from 47 percent to 32.8 percent between 1990 and 2000†. There was also a decrease of around 50 – 80% in the credits to deposit ratio in the Turkish banks. The Turkish banking sector was regulated and supervised by the coordination and cooperation of two authorities, the treasury and the central bank of Turkey. â€Å"Turkish Bank Ltd is authorized and regulated by the Financial Services Authority† (Turkish Bank n.d.). During this financial period, the Turkish banks financed public deficits due to very high real interest rates, which were charged by the banks. The high volatility in the interest rates also had its consequence on the demand of money in the Turkish economy. It is important to identify the determinant, which increases the demand for money in the economy in order to create and conduct a healthy monetary policy which suits the Turkish economy. The increase in interest rate volatility is accompanied by an effect in demand for money. Investigating the determinant of the demand for money is significant to make and conduct a healthy financial policy, which is directly connected to whole economy. For instance, a factor that raises the demand for cash may unfavorably affect financial performance by rising velocity of money and nominal income circulation. This study aims to look at, particularly the possessions of interest rate volatilities in case of Turkey along with customary factors influencing the demand for mo

Further Exploration assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Further Exploration assignment - Essay Example The Janice and Melwyn, looking back said that they felt each new baby created an increased bond of closeness between them, but then as the kids became older, Melwyn reports feeling that they were often, â€Å"in the way†. As a result, the couple reports that for nearly a decade, they couldn’t remember going on a date, seeing a movie together or taking a trip without the children. This eroded the quality of their marriage and relationship. Stevie and Lucas say that they have felt their love grow for one another as they support each other in caring for a toddler and preparing for an infant. They feel that they have had to change very little so far in their lives because of kids. They never were into partying or going out much before kids and that hasn’t changed. They do miss the quiet that has been lost to the two year-old’s toys and constant talking. They know that crying is soon ahead, as are late night feedings and diapers, but all in all they feel as clo se as they ever have. Janice and Melwyn report that when they had their first child, Janice quit her job as a bank teller to stay home with the children. She had a high school diploma and Melwyn was trained as a machinist. The economy was good, so Melwyn took overtime in order to make-up for the loss of Janice’s income. Janice did not return to the workforce until her youngest child was in 7th grade. She says she didn’t want to work once the kids came along, but admitted that being a housewife was boring and isolating at times. Stevie is going to continue her studies at university through her pregnancy and after the birth of the next child. She is studying elementary education. She feels this would provide good additional income at some point and allow her to have time with her kids. Lucas is an engineer. He is just starting his career and wants to be the sole provider for the family for as long as

Woodrow Wilson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Woodrow Wilson - Essay Example While this ship is perhaps the most historically significant, German submarines demonstrated a history of interference with United States ships. While the two countries reached a post-1915 treaty, Germany ultimately decided to break this treaty in 1917, clearing the way for future aggressive actions, including the sinking of five American ships. In addition to German interference with American neutrality, the Zimmerman telegram constituted a major contributing factor for United States involvement. This telegram was sent between Germany and Mexico, intercepted by British intelligence and interpreted. The telegram indicated that if Mexico joined the war on Germany’s side, in victory they would be award the lost territories of Arizona, Texas, and New Mexico. It seems that such a telegram was a valid reason for entering the war. While it would be naà ¯ve to assume that this telegram was a primary reason for the United States involvement, such a telegram clearly demonstrated to the United States public that German aggression extended beyond involvement in Europe but was increasingly advancing to their backyard. Still, it’s clear that United States involvement was inevitability after Germany broke neutrality, such that the Zimmerman telegram was only a pretext. Considering prominent theorists, it’s clear that America had in large part already broken neutrality. Prior to declaring war on Germany the United States had actively contributed to the war effort through supplying the Britain with military supplies and funding. As such, it’s clear that the United States involvement in World War I was not only inevitable recurrent to the Zimmerman telegram, but to an extent had already occurred. Had the United States refrained from entering World War I it’s highly possible history would be greatly altered. The United States involvement ensured that German aggression would be stopped

Role of the Brand in Developing Customer Loyalty

Role of the Brand in Developing Customer Loyalty INTRODUCTION 1.1 Nature of Assignment  · My project is about â€Å"The Role of Brand in the Development of Customer Loyalty†.  · Its the part of MBA and it is the requirement of my institute, â€Å"THE UNIVERSITY OF WALES†, for the completion of our degree.  · The purpose of project is to determine the role of brand in the development of customer loyalty. After completion of this project I can easily understand that how brand helps in the development of customer loyalty.  · I am doing work on this project to collect data and other relevant information to build a relation between role of brand and customer loyalty and to prove that brand plays an important role in the development of customer loyalty.  · It is my project which is being supervised by a senior person allocated by my institute.  · In order to make my project more reliable field data will also be collected and analyzed.  · Data from the pre-research on this topic will also be studied to make my project well designed and easily understandable.  · From the company point of view my research work will be helpful to understand the relationship between brand and customer loyalty. 1.2 The Rationale for this Study * Literature review has proved that customer loyalty affects by brand. * Different work on this topic has been done which is in chapter# 2. * It is a moralize agreement that brand affects customer loyalty. * I will try to test this claim that the role of brand in the development of customer loyalty with the help of this project using primary and secondary research. * In UK context it would be useful contribution towards this field. * This research will be helpful in understanding the role of brand in the development of customer loyalty. * In local environment findings from this project will be used in number of groups including companies, scholars and also researchers. 1.3 Brand In marketing, a brand is a collection of feelings toward an economic producer. Feelings are created by the accumulation of experiences with the brand, both directly relating to its use, and through the influence of advertising, design, and media commentary. A brand is a symbolic embodiment of all the information connected to a company, product or service. A brand serves to create associations and expectations among products made by a producer. A brand often includes an explicit logo, fonts, color schemes, symbols, which are developed to represent implicit values, ideas, and even personality. Concepts Some marketers distinguish the psychological aspect of a brand from the experiential aspect. The experiential aspect consists of the sum of all points of contact with the brand and is known as the brand experience. The psychological aspect, sometimes referred to as the brand image, is a symbolic construct created within the minds of people and consists of all the information and expectations associated with a product or service. The nicest approach to brand building considers the conceptual structure of brands, businesses and people. 1.4 Brand Loyalty Brand loyalty is the ultimate goal a company sets for a branded product. Brand loyalty is a consumers preference to buy a particular brand in a product category. It occurs because consumers perceive that the brand offers the right product features, images, or level of quality at the right price. This perception becomes the foundation for a new buying habit. Basically, consumers initially will make a trial purchase of the brand and, after satisfaction, tend to form habits and continue purchasing the same brand because the product is safe and familiar. Brand loyalists have the following mindset: * â€Å"I am committed to this brand.† * â€Å"I am willing to pay a higher price for this brand over other brands.† * â€Å"I will recommend this brand to others.† Importance of Brand Loyalty There are three main reasons why brand loyalty is important: Higher Sales Volume The average United States Company loses half of its customers every five years, equating to a 13% annual loss of customers. This statistic illustrates the challenges companies face when trying to grow in competitive environments. Achieving even 1% annual growth requires increasing sales to customers, both existing and new, by 14%. Reducing customer loss can dramatically improve business growth and brand loyalty, which leads to consistent and even greater sales since the same brand is purchased repeatedly. Premium Pricing Ability Studies show that as brand loyalty increases, consumers are less sensitive to price changes. Generally, they are willing to pay more for their preferred brand because they perceive some unique value in the brand that other alternatives do not provide. Additionally, brand loyalists buy less frequently on cents-off deals these promotions only subsidize planned purchases. Retain Rather than Seek Brand loyalists are willing to search for their favorite brand and are less sensitive to competitive promotions. The result is lower costs for advertising, marketing and distribution. Specifically, it costs four to six times as much to attract a new customer as it does to retain an old one. 1.5 Customer Loyalty When a consumer finds that a particular brand is delivering the best products and services for him and that brands solves his problems with their products, he begins to identify that brand with a certain quality and develops a loyalty for it. In fact, if you have a customer who is committed to your brand, chances are that he will choose your product or service over the others that are available in the market. Customer loyalty plays a major role in making your business successful. If you are capable of retaining as much as 5% of your old customer base, then your business can grow up to 75%. Another great thing about your old customers who rely on you is that they will tell their friends, family and acquaintances about your products and services. In this manner, your business will get the best kind of advertising possible. Similarly, a customer who does not like your products might do some negative marketing for you, so you need to be on your toes and ensure that all your customers are satisfied with you. This will help you convert your prospective customers to your clients. 1.6 The Role of Brand in the Development of Customer Loyalty In order to keep your old customer base alive and loyal towards your brand. You need to have something unique about your brand. If you are able to have a unique feature that your customers love, then chances are that your customers will stick to your company and even tell others about it. The key is to develop this USP or Unique Selling Point in order to entice the customers and keep them loyal. If your customer is aware of your USP and benefits from it, you will get a brand loyalty that will be enough to keeps your business booming. Customer loyalty is more than simple repurchasing, however. Customers may repurchase a brand due to situational constraints, a lack of viable alternatives, or out of convenience. Such loyalty is referred to as spurious loyalty. True brand loyalty exists when customers have a high relative attitude toward the brand which is then exhibited through repurchase behavior. This type of loyalty can be a great asset to the firm. Customers are willing to pay higher prices, they may cost less to serve, and can bring new customers to the firm. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW To determine the role of brand in the development of customer loyalty some articles have been studied. After studying these articles we came to know that how much research has been done by different persons on this topic. Previous research putts light on different kinds of factors related to development of customer loyalty that how customer loyalty can be measured and how properly or effectively brand can be managed and implemented. And what models can be used to make a particular brand more successful. Previous research also explains that what factors are responsible for the decline of a brand. So we came to know about loyalty that a customers loyalty can be determined by studying that how repetitively customer make purchasing of products of a particular brand when some others alternatives are available to customers. Several studies have been conducted in this area following are the list of some key articles and a brief description will be given following. 2.1 Summaries of Articles 1st article is about Brand Loyalty which is being studied by Nancy Giddens, Agricultural Extension Value Added Marketing Specialist. Brand Loyalty has been proclaimed by some to be the ultimate goal of marketing. In marketing, brand loyalty consists of a consumers commitment to repurchase the brand and can be demonstrated by repeated buying of a product or service or other positive behaviors such as word of mouth advocacy. True brand loyalty implies that the consumer is willing, at least on occasion, to put aside their own desires in the interest of the brand. Brand loyalty is more than simple repurchasing, however. Customers may repurchase a brand due to situational constraints, a lack of viable alternatives, or out of convenience. Such loyalty is referred to as spurious loyalty. True brand loyalty exists when customers have a high relative attitude toward the brand which is then exhibited through repurchase behavior. This type of loyalty can be a great asset to the firm: customers are willing to pay higher prices, they may cost less to serve, and can bring new customers to the firm. For example, if Joe has brand loyalty to Company A he will purchase Company As products even if Company Bs are cheaper and/or of a higher quality. This article is about decline of brands by James Surowiecki. The truth is weve always overestimated the power of branding while underestimating consumers ability to recognize quality. When brands first became important in the US a century ago, it was because particular products Pillsbury flour or Morton salt offered far more reliability and quality than no-name goods. Similarly, many (and arguably most) of the important brands in American history Gillette or Disney became successful not because of clever marketing, but because they offered something you couldnt get anywhere else. (Gillette made the best razors; Disney made the best animated movies.) Even Nike first became popular because it made superior running shoes. Marketers looked at these companies and said they were succeeding because their brands were strong. In reality, the brands were strong because the companies were succeeding. Over time, certain brands came to connote quality. They did provide a measure of insurance which in turn made firms less innovative and less rigorous. (Think of the abominable cars General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler made in the late 1960s through the 1970s remember the Pinto? in part because they assumed that they had customers for life.) That sense of protection is eroding in industry after industry, and instead of a consumer economy in which success is determined in large part by name, its now being determined by performance. The aristocracy of brand is dead. Long live the meritocracy of product. This article is about customer engagement by Richard Sedley. Customer Engagement refers to the engagement of customers with one another, with a company or a brand. The initiative for engagement can be both consumer- or company-led and the medium of engagement can be on or offline. A customers degree of engagement with a company lies in a continuum that represents the strength of his investment in that company. Positive experiences with the company strengthen that investment and move the customer down the line of engagement. This article is about Brand Engagement by Watson Wyatt. Brand Engagement is a term loosely used to describe the process of forming an attachment (emotional and rational) between a person and a brand. It comprises one aspect of brand management. What makes the topic complex is that brand engagement is partly created by institutions and organizations, but is equally created by the perceptions, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors of those with whom these institutions and organizations are communicating or engaging with. As a relatively new addition to the marketing and communication mix, brand engagement sits in the space between marketing, advertising, media communication, social media, organizational development, internal communications and human resource management This article is on Brand management by Neil H. McElroy. Brand management is the application of marketing techniques to a specific product, product line, or brand. It seeks to increase the products perceived value to the customer and thereby increase brand franchise and brand equity. Marketers see a brand as an implied promise that the level of quality people have come to expect from a brand will continue with future purchases of the same product. This may increase sales by making a comparison with competing products more favorable. It may also enable the manufacturer to charge more for the product. The value of the brand is determined by the amount of profit it generates for the manufacturer 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research methodology will be discussed in the following section. 3.1 Theoretical Framework The dependent variable, customer loyalty of branded casual wear companies depend upon two independent variables which are price and awareness. Most of the people in Pakistan belong to middle class and they prefer to buy products of low price with good quality. So poor quality of these companies has affected its sale as well as customer loyalty. We know that awareness of any product plays an important role to increase or decrease the customer loyalty. The quality and comfort of branded products are close to local brands. Similarly the awareness of the branded casual wearing is low because of less impressive advertisement. So, it is clear that the sale and customer loyalty is low because of high price and unawareness. 3.2 Research Objectives Following are the objectives of this study: 1. To determine the importance of branding in creating customer loyalty. 2. To identify the characteristics of a brand that help in brand loyalty. 3. To investigate the reasons for brand preference. 4. How brand loyalty can be developed? 5. What makes the customer loyal? 6. To make recommendations for developing customer loyalty through branding. 3.3 Operationalization Customer Loyalty In this, we will measure the customer loyalty whether the people are buying it or not and why. We have price and awareness as an independent variable and we will measure customer loyalty for different types of the branded casual wearing. Awareness Awareness is an independent variable and we will measure it by the following indicators: i) By asking the people whether they are aware or not. ii) If yes, then from which media vehicle they became aware of it e.g. Newspapers, Magazines, T.V, Radio, Bill boards, word of mouth etc. Methodology Used To perform this task, research was conducted in such a way that reflected the awareness towards branded casual wearing. The primary source of data collection was used and the instrument for data collection was personally administered Questionnaire. This questionnaire was administered personally due to sampling information, administrative control, and helping the respondents in answering technical questions. The population of the research consists of ultimate consumers. Therefore Convenience Sampling technique was used. 3.4 Research Design The purpose of this research was to establish the relationship between independent variables high price awareness and the dependent variable customer loyalty. This is a field study because it examined the relationship between the variables. For this purpose questionnaire was developed to get response of the people. Neither the variables were controlled nor was artificial setting created for the study. The unit of analysis for this study is an individual and tool of data collection is questionnaire. For data collection we have used convenience sampling technique. Procedure Used Standardized questionnaire was designed for consumers. The questionnaire was developed in order to make it comprehensive, so as to enable the researcher to collect all needed information from consumers. The questionnaires was distributed and filled in by the consumers. Methods of Data Collection Population consisting of people who are using the branded casual wears were considered for the collection of data. Survey questionnaire was thus used to collect data from respondents in different areas and University of the Central Punjab. Tool for Data Collection Tool to collect data was survey questionnaire which was very carefully designed. It consisted of all the types of questions i.e. dichotomous questions and multiple choices. So as to acquire in depth knowledge from the consumers about the research problem. After preparation of questionnaire, it was shown to kind teacher for changes in it. Pre-testing After developing and getting it approved, 5 copies of the questionnaire were filled out by the senior students of the University. The respondents faced only few problems which were then replaced and made it easier and comprehensive. After pre-testing 50 copies were again distributed among the public and students. Sampling Techniques We have selected the samples which gave maximum representatives of target market. These samples gave more reliable and accurate information because they are end users of branded casual wears and can provide better information about research problem. Nature of the Study The research study was applied research because it was performed to find solution of problem. Why customer loyalty of branded casual wears is lower. After finding solution of problem, companies implement it to rectify problem situation. Purpose of Study The research has two main purpose first purpose is aimed at to be completed as a requirement of course. Second purpose was to study the impact of important factors that affect customer loyalty of branded casual wears. Some of important factors to be studied were: * Demographic factors like age, income occupation * Quality * Price * Brand name * Availability * Advertisement All these factors were studied to find out all possible ways to maintain and to improve factors such as availability, quality, price, advertisement etc. Study Setting This is a field study because it examined attitude and behavior of the people towards low demand for branded casual wears. For this purpose we had surveyed different areas and got filled in the questionnaires from students. Variables were neither controlled nor manipulated and no artificial setting was created for the study. Time Horizon The data for this research was collected over one month period. Field Work We had 50 sample sizes. We went to the commercial and business areas to fill this questionnaire. The areas consisted of Green heith markets and white city commercial markets. During our field work, we faced a few problems like negative responses from the respondents. Some of the persons hesitated refused to fill questionnaire. But we faced all problems boldly as a good researcher. 3.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH STUDY Our research has following limitations: 1) Lack of time 2) Cost for collecting data. 3) Sample size is small. 4. ANALYSIS OF SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE, INTERPRETATION OF DATA AND TABULATION REPRESENTATION TABLE NO.1 Do you prefer branded clothes? Response Frequency %age Yes 41 82% No 9 18%_ Total 50 100__ According to our analysis 82% respondents preferred branded clothes while 18% respondents out of our selected samples did not prefer branded clothes. So our analysis shows that majority of the people prefer branded clothes. TABLE NO.2 Brand is important for which item of clothing? Items Frequency %age Shirt 10 20% Jeans 22 44% Casual wears 18 36% Total 50 100% 20% of respondents preferred branded shirts, 44% of respondents preferred branded jeans while 36% of respondents preferred branded casual wears. So according to our analysis its clear that majority of people prefer branded jeans. TABLE NO.03 Why do you prefer branded clothes? Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Total High Quality 24 (48%) 18 (36%) 6 (12%) 2(4%) 50 Comfort 26 (52%) 15 (30%) 8 (16%) 1 (2%) 50 Durability 25 (50%) 18 (36%) 5 (10%) 2 (4%) 50 This graph shows that 48% respondents are strongly agreed, 36% respondents are agreed, 12% respondents are disagreed and 4% respondents are strongly disagreed that they prefer branded clothes due to high quality. 52% respondents are strongly agreed, 30% respondents are agreed, 16% respondents are disagreed and 2% respondents are strongly disagreed that they prefer branded clothes due to comfort. 50% respondents are strongly agreed, 36% respondents are agreed, 10% respondents are disagreed and 4% respondents are strongly disagreed that they prefer branded clothes due to durability. So majority of people prefer branded clothes due to comfort. TABLE NO.04 Which of the following element is important for your choice of the branded item? Elements Frequency %age Product features 31 62% Price 14 28% Promotion 04 08% Placement 01 02% Total 50 100_ This graph shows that 62% respondents preferred product features, 28% respondents preferred price, 8%respondents preferred promotion and 2% preferred placement for the choice of branded items. So our analysis shows that product feature is the most important element for the choice of branded items. TABLE NO.05 Approximately, how many times do you buy your clothes? Buying Period Frequency %age Once a week 02 04% Once every 2 weeks 00 00% Once a month 08 16% At the beginning of season 10 20% During the sales period 00 00% During the Christmas Festivities 00 00% As the need arise 15 30% Occasionally 13 26% Rarely 02 04% Others 0 00% Total 50 100% This graph shows that 30% respondents are used to buy clothes as the need arises. So majority of people go to buy clothes as the need arises. TABLE NO.06 From where do you usually buy clothes? By the use of Frequency %age Catalogues 05 10% Magazines 07 14% Internet 03 06% Open Market 35 70%__ Total 50 100%_ Above graph shows that 70% of respondents prefer to buy from open market. 6% respondents through internet, 14% respondents use magazine and 10% respondents use catalogues to buy clothes. So majority of people go to buy clothes from open market. TABLE NO.07 How influential is advertising in your purchase of branded wears? Advertising Frequency %age Very Influential 09 18% Influential 22 44% Slightly Influential 10 20% Not Influential 07 14% Dont Know 02 04%_ Total 50 100__ Above graph shows that 18% of respondents are much influenced, 44% are influenced, 20% are slightly influenced, 14% are not influenced by advertising to purchase branded clothes while 4% of respondents do not know about it. So our analysis shows that majority of people are influenced by advertising to purchase branded clothes. TABLE NO.08 If a company wants to advertise to you, which of the following medium would be most effective in gaining consumers? Medium Frequency %age TV 24 48% Radio 00 00% Magazines 10 20% Newspaper 01 02% Billboards 11 22% Internet 03 06% Others 01 02% Total 50 100% 48% respondents told that T.V is the most effective advertising media. So our analysis shows that majority of people are influenced by advertising through T.V. TABLE NO.09 How influential is a celebrity endorsement in your decision to purchase branded clothes? Celebrity Frequency %age Very Influential 05 10 Influential 15 30 Slightly Influential 13 26 Not Influential 12 24 Dont Know 05 10 Total 50 100 30% respondents told that they are influenced by a celebrity to make their decisions to purchase branded clothes. So our analysis shows that branded clothes should be advertised through a celebrity. TABLE NO.10 How influential are other consumers opinions of a brand in your perception of that brand? Other Consumers Opinion Frequency %age Very Influential 14 28 Influential 19 38 Slightly Influential 12 24 Not Influential 02 4 Dont Know 03 6 Total 50 100 This graph shows that 38% respondents are influenced by other peoples opinion. So company should achieve more and more market reputation. Table No.11 When buying clothes, you: Buying clothes Frequency %age Go directly in a particular shop 31 62 Go round in various shops 19 38 Total 50 100.00 62% respondents go directly to purchase branded clothes in a particular shop while 38% respondents go round in various shops. So a company should have more physical outlets to capture market. Table No.12 How would you rate the following statements? Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree I wear only well known brands 6 30 9 5 I buy clothes depending on their colors 8 31 6 5 I buy styles that suit me rather than what is fashionable 15 31 3 1 I only buy the style that my friends wear 3 15 23 9 I only buy the latest fashion as long as they suit me 16 20 12 2 I create my own fashion rather than follow it 4 27 14 5 I tend to stick to classic styles that wont date 1 26 19 4 I wear only clothes that are widely available 1 21 23 5 I hate going round for clothes and I let others buy my clothes 2 25 14 9 I search for sales and low prices 18 12 10 10 30 respondents out of 50 are agreed that they wear only well known branded clothes, 31 respondents are agreed that they buy clothes depending on their colors, 31 respondents are agreed that they buy styles that suit them rather than what is fashionable. 23 respondents are disagreed that they only buy the style that their friends wear. 20 respondents are agreed that they only buy the latest fashion as long as they suit them. 27 respondents are agreed that they create their own fashion rather than follow it. 26 respondents are agreed that they tend to stick to classic styles that wont date. 23 respondents are disagreed that they wear only clothes that are widely available. 25 respondents are agreed that they hate going round for clothes and they let others buy their clothes. 18 respondents are strongly agreed that they search for sales and low prices. Table No.13 How important would you rate the following factors in influencing the choice of clothes purchased? Almost Always Sometimes Rarely Never Fashion Magazines 8 20 11 11 Beauty Magazines 6 10 14 20 Television 18 13 15 4 Radio 9 13 14 14 Newspapers 10 25 7 8 Billboards 9 33 8 0 Cinema 8 15 8 19 Promotional Leaflets 3 20 10 17 Internet 17 12 15 6 Others 0 0 0 0 Majority of people are influenced by fashion magazines, T.V, news paper, billboards, promotional leaflets and internet while they are not influenced by beauty magazines, radio and cinema to make the choice of branded clothes. So a company should focus to advertise through T.V and billboards. TABLE NO.14 Do you think that wearing branded clothes would reflect? Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree Confidence 32 17 1 0 Superior Image 14 29 5 2 Exclusivity 13 32 5 0 Snob Appeal 11 28 9 2 32 respondents are strongly agreed that wearing branded clothes show level of confidence, 29 respondents are agreed that wearing branded clothes reflect superior image. 32 respondents are agreed that branded clothes reflect exclusivity and 28 respondents told that its a snob appeal. So our analysis shows that majority of people purchase branded clothes due to high level of confidence, superior image, exclusivity and snob appeal. TABLE NO.15 Criteria used for the selection of specific brand? Selection Criteria Frequency %age Well known brand name 24 48% Brand shows the quality 18 36% Brand offers incentives 08 16% Total 50 100% The graph and its analysis show that criteria used for selection of specific brand is well known brand name. TABLE NO.16 Which brand is preferred by customer? Preferred Brand Frequency %age Offer more services 10 20% High price with high quality 26 52% Low price with high quality 14 28%_ Total 50 100% 52% respondents told that only that brand is preferred which provides high quality with high price. So a company should mainly focus on high quality. TABLE NO.17 What attracts you more to select a specific brand? Attraction Frequency %age More advertisement 06 12 Market reputation 11 22 Existing customers satisfaction 33 66 Total 50 100 66% respondents told that existing customers satisfaction attracts more to select a specific brand. So majority of people are influenced by existing customers opinion. TABLE NO.18 Why most people prefer local brand? Attraction Frequency %age Less price 26 52 Easy availability 6 12 Same features like imported brand 18 36 Total 50 100 This graph shows that most of the people prefer branded clothes due to less price. TABLE NO.19 Local brand captures market due to Attraction Frequency %age